Lithium batteries last longest when not pushed to the extremes of their charge range. For daily riding, charging to 80% rather than 100% is the ideal habit. Most Bosch and Shimano systems have an "eco charging" or range mode setting that limits the charge to around 80% by default. Use it for day-to-day rides. For longer rides where you need full range, charge to 100% — just don't make it your routine. Similarly, avoid letting the battery drop to 0% regularly. Charge before it hits 20%.
Use the charger that came with the bike. Don't leave the bike plugged in indefinitely.
Store the battery between 50–77°F. Cold temperatures temporarily reduce range — a battery at 20°F may have 20–40% less effective range. This is normal and temporary. If you're riding in winter, store the battery indoors overnight and mount it just before your ride.
If storing the bike for more than a month, charge the battery to around 60% before putting it away. Check on it every few months and top up to 60% if it's dropped.
Expect 20–40% less range on very cold days. Plan routes accordingly. Keep the battery inside overnight.
Most cargo e-bike batteries are rated for 500–1,000 full charge cycles. With good habits you can expect 4–7 years. Signs of degradation: significantly reduced range, longer charge times, or the battery not holding charge at all.